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The Effects of Contrast Training on the Agility and Jumping Ability of Soccer Players

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of three exercise protocols on the agility and jumping ability of soccer players using the contrast training method. The subject were 14 male soccer players (age: 18,5 ± 0,7 years, height: 1,80 ± 0,05 m, body mass: 67 ± 3,4 kg, 1RM at squat: 115,2 ± 9,6 kg). In the study, three exercise protocols were included. The agility protocol (AP) consisted of three sets of two soccer specific agility drills, whereas the low and moderate load protocols (LLP and MLP) consisted of three sets of 2×5 repetitions on the half-squat with loads 30% and 60% of the 1RM, respectively. Before the protocols and 1 minute after each set the countermovement jump height and agility (Illinois test) were measured. The results showed that the AP had negative effects (p<0.05) on agility (up to 6.2%) and jumping (up to 5.96%) performance, whereas the LLP and the MLP protocols had positive effects (p<0.05) on agility (up to 5.14 and 6.54%, respectively) and jumping (to 5,93 and 8,32%, respectively) performance. Furthermore, the LLP and the MLP had better agility and jumping performances than the AP at all time points except at pre-exercise. The moderate loads induced greater improvements on the agility performance after the 1st set and on the jumping performance after the 1st and the 2nd set compared with the low loads, whereas the low loads induced greater improvements on agility performance after the 2nd and the 3rd set and on the jumping performance after the 3rd set (p<0.05) compared with the moderate loads. It is concluded that in the contrast training, the use of agility drills adversely affects the agility and jumping ability, while resistance exercises such as the half squat, with low and moderate loads, have a positive effect. A higher acute improvement is observed with the use of moderate loads. However, with the execution of multiple sets fatigue occurs more rapidly and the use of low loads for contrast loading maintains performance at optimum levels for a longer period of time.